ASCO2026
Informing treatment decisions
ASCO's ctDNA guideline includes blood-based testing for tumour genetic alterations to inform treatment, including when tissue testing is difficult or results are needed promptly.
Read the guideline ↗THE SCIENCE
The science advancing cancer care.
Now working for dogs.
Liquid biopsy reads molecular information from blood. Canos brings advances in human precision oncology to canine cancer detection, treatment monitoring and follow-up.
HUMAN CLINICAL PROGRESS
Already changing human cancer care.
Liquid biopsy already helps guide treatment decisions in human cancers.
FDA2026
Acting on residual disease
In muscle-invasive bladder cancer, ctDNA-detected molecular residual disease after surgery now identifies patients for adjuvant atezolizumab treatment, using Signatera CDx.
Read the approval ↗FDA2026
Responding to molecular resistance
An emerging ESR1 mutation detected with Guardant360 CDx can guide a switch to camizestrant with a CDK4/6 inhibitor in HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer.
Read the accelerated approval ↗ESMO2022
Matching molecular findings to therapy
ESMO recommendations support ctDNA testing for actionable mutations in advanced cancer, connecting molecular findings with targeted treatment options.
Read the recommendations ↗FDA2020–2026
Blood tests in clinical pathways
FDA-authorised liquid biopsy companion diagnostics connect blood-based biomarkers with named cancer treatments, including Guardant360 CDx and FoundationOne Liquid CDx.
Explore authorised diagnostics ↗CANINE EVIDENCE
The evidence is growing in dogs.
Published canine studies have detected cancer-associated signals in blood and followed molecular changes during treatment and remission.
RCVS Knowledge · 2025
A veterinary evidence collection
An evidence collection bringing together research on liquid biopsy in cancer for veterinary teams.
Read the evidence collection ↗CANDiD · PLOS ONE · 2022
Cancer detection across cancer types
A clinical validation study in more than 1,000 dogs demonstrated multi-cancer detection using next-generation sequencing of blood-derived DNA.
Read the clinical study ↗Communications Medicine · 2026
Following cancer through care
Longitudinal canine research reported cancer-associated molecular changes during treatment and follow-up.
Read the longitudinal study ↗CANOS BIOINFORMATICS
Built on canine cancer studies.
Advanced by Canos bioinformatics.
Clinical studies collect samples, detect cancer and follow dogs through care. Canos brings those data together to compare and integrate complementary cfDNA signals: fragment lengths, genomic patterns and methylation.
- 341
- dogs
- 896
- plasma sequencing runs
- 4
- canine studies
In the 303-dog diagnostic analysis, our integrated model achieved 90.6% sensitivity at 95.1% specificity in nested cross-validation. Testing across held-out studies achieved a macro-average AUROC of 0.936. The longitudinal analysis followed 117 dogs across 514 time points to examine molecular changes through care.
Read the Canos bioinformatics preprint · 2026 ↗HOW IT WORKS
One blood sample. Complementary views.
Genetics
The DNA sequence: inherited variants, health conditions and individual traits.
Epigenetics
Chemical marks on DNA, including methylation, that carry information about cell identity and state.
Cell-free DNA
DNA fragments released into the bloodstream. Their sequence, physical patterns and epigenetic marks carry information about the cells they came from.
SPECIMEN · CFDNA
It starts with a blood sample.
A routine blood draw collected by a veterinarian into a specialised preservation tube.
Inside the sample
01 · SEPARATE
Plasma
The tube is spun. The plasma fraction is taken forward; the cellular fraction is not.
02 · EXTRACT
Cell-free DNA
Short DNA fragments circulating freely in that plasma are recovered.
03 · SEQUENCE
Read the molecules
The recovered fragments are sequenced, so every molecule can be read individually.
04 · MEASURE
Multiple molecular signals
Epigenetic, physical and genome-wide properties are measured across those reads.
05 · COMBINE
Build the biological pattern
The measurements are modelled together as one pattern rather than read one at a time.
06 · INTERPRET
Clinical information
The pattern becomes information a veterinarian reads alongside the wider clinical picture.
Cancer doesn’t leave one signal. It changes many.
Canos reads epigenetic patterns, fragment characteristics and genome-wide changes together to build a richer molecular picture.
The research library
Small fragments.
A growing body of evidence.
Explore published findings on cancer detection, treatment monitoring and the biology of cell-free DNA. Each entry links to the original study, with its population and methods.
Showing 6 of 16 papers
Canine research2022
CANDiD: looking for cancer signals across cancer types
PLOS ONE
Clinical validation · 1,100 dogs analysed
This clinical validation study demonstrated detection of cancer-associated DNA changes across multiple canine cancer types, with performance assessed in an independent test set and by cancer type and stage.
Read moreCanine research2026
CLASSiC: following dogs before cancer is suspected
Veterinary Oncology
Prospective study · 417 dogs in interim analysis
Researchers followed dogs considered cancer-free at enrolment with repeated blood tests and physical examinations. The interim analysis describes cancer detection and follow-up in a prospective screening setting.
Read moreCanine research2026
What DNA fragment patterns reveal across species
Cancer Research Communications
Comparative study · 108 dogs and 35 human samples
Dogs with sarcoma had different blood DNA fragment patterns from healthy dogs. The study also found substantial differences between dog and human DNA, showing why methods developed in humans need testing specifically in dogs.
Read moreCanine research2026
Why the blood draw itself matters
Communications Medicine
Sampling methods · Repeated measurements
Where and when blood is collected can influence the DNA signals measured. Following dogs through treatment, researchers also saw changes related to disease status—highlighting the importance of consistent sampling and cancer-specific interpretation.
Read moreCanine research2025
Reading blood DNA patterns in hemangiosarcoma
Frontiers in Veterinary Science
Pilot case–control study · 57 dogs
Combining DNA fragment lengths with gains and losses of DNA helped distinguish dogs with this blood-vessel cancer from healthy dogs. The study compared 21 cancer cases with 36 controls.
Read moreCanine research2024
Combining DNA quantity with sequencing
JAVMA
Clinical validation · 595-dog independent test set
This approach first measured how much cell-free DNA was present, then used sequencing for intermediate results. The independent test set evaluated detection across seven cancer types.
Read moreRead more opens the original publication in a new tab.
Pet parent guides
Clear answers for pet parents.
Understanding blood tests
Can blood tests detect cancer in dogs?
Understand routine bloodwork, liquid biopsy and the questions to ask before choosing a cancer-related test for your dog.
Read guideDuring treatment and beyond
How is cancer treatment response monitored in dogs?
A plain-language guide to follow-up care, remission and how molecular residual disease monitoring fits into your dog's veterinary care.
Read guideChoosing the right test
Dog genetic testing versus cancer testing: what’s the difference?
Explore how Canos Origin brings cancer detection, genetics, epigenetics and cfDNA together in a comprehensive genomic health baseline.
Read guide